32311M Printing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the following North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) industries:

  1. 323110 Commercial Lithographic Printing;
  2. 323111 Commercial Gravure Printing;
  3. 323112 Commercial Flexographic Printing;
  4. 323113 Commercial Screen Printing;
  5. 323114 Quick Printing;
  6. 323115 Digital Printing;
  7. 323116 Manifold Business Forms Printing;
  8. 323117 Books Printing;
  9. 323118 Blankbook, Looseleaf Binders, and Devices Manufacturing; and
  10. 323119 Other Commercial Printing.

323110 Commercial Lithographic Printing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in lithographic (i.e., offset) printing without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments engaged in lithographic printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, letterhead, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis.

323111 Commercial Gravure Printing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in gravure printing without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments engaged in gravure printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, letterhead, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis.

323112 Commercial Flexographic Printing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in flexographic printing without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments engaged in flexographic printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis.

323113 Commercial Screen Printing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in screen printing without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments engaged in screen printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis. Establishments primarily engaged in printing on apparel and textile products, such as T-shirts, caps, jackets, towels, and napkins, are included in this industry.

323114 Quick Printing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in traditional printing activities, such as short-run offset printing or prepress services, in combination with providing document photocopying service. Prepress services include receiving documents in electronic format and directly duplicating from the electronic file and formatting, colorizing, and otherwise modifying the original document to improve presentation. These establishments, known as quick printers, generally provide short-run printing and copying with fast turnaround times.

323115 Digital Printing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing graphical materials using digital printing equipment. Establishments known as digital printers typically provide sophisticated prepress services including using scanners to input images and computers to manipulate and format the graphic images prior to printing.

323116 Manifold Business Forms Printing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing special forms, including checkbooks, for use in the operation of a business. The forms may be in single and multiple sets, including carbonized, interleaved with carbon, or otherwise processed for multiple reproduction.

323117 Books Printing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing or printing and binding books and pamphlets without publishing.

323118 Blankbook, Looseleaf Binders, and Devices Manufacturing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing blankbooks, looseleaf devices, and binders. Establishments in this industry may print or print and bind.

323119 Other Commercial Printing

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in commercial printing (except lithographic, gravure, screen, or flexographic printing) without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). Printing processes included in this industry are letterpress printing and engraving printing. This industry includes establishments engaged in commercial printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis.